\chapter{Conclusion}
\label{chap:conclusion}

The goal with this report was to show how different standardization interests among the Symbian shareholders have affected its diffusion and competitiveness on mobile platform market. Moreover we wanted to investigate how the ecosystem of Symbian and its ability to innovate was affected. We wanted to explain the extinction of Symbian from a standardization perspective to reveal how conflicts have undermined the initial power and innovation purposes of the consortium. We also wanted to investigate the reasons behind such conflicts. \bigskip

\noindent Through the analyses of three interviews with key persons of Symbian and a professor we have shown that there were indeed different standardization interests among the shareholders of Symbian. Standardization was not an explicit source of conflicts inside Symbian but we have shown that standardization was an implicit component and an important part of the history of Symbian's loss of market share.

An unbalance of power inside the consortium led to contradicting agendas within Symbian. Competition from the other Symbian shareholders was prevented by Nokia by their huge investments of resources in the platform and thereby the lower as well as the upper layer of Symbian was captured. By that Nokia controlled the interfacing compatibility standards of Symbian. The result of this ecosystem leadership was high focus on self-interests within Symbian, which developed further into a lock-in situation affecting their ability to innovate when a smartphone paradigm shift occurred by the emergence of iOS and Android.

Furthermore Symbian did not succeed in locking in customers to applications and software and thereby they failed to incorporate the same amount of positive network effects into their devices, which made it easier for Apple and Android to take over Symbian's installed base of users.